Grace: The free and undeserved gift of God’s loving and active presence in the universe and in our lives.
Revelation is God's communication of himself, by which he makes known the mystery of his divine plan, a gift of self- communication which is realized by deeds and words over time, and the most fully by sending us his own divine Son, Jesus Christ
Divine Revelation: God's self-communication through which he makes known the mystery ol his divine plan.
Divine Revelation is a gift accomplished by the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit through the words and deeds of salvation history. It is most fully realized in the Passion, death, Resurrection, and Ascension of Jesus Christ.
Providence is God's all-wise plan for the universe and the carrying out of his plan by his loving rule or governance.
Divine Providence is the eternal world plan and its fulfillment in time.
Church Triumphant (the Church in heaven). Church Militant (the Church on earth). Church Suffering (the Church in purgatory).
Sanctifying Grace: A supernatural gift of God by which our sins are forgiven and we are made holy. It restores our friendship with God.
Concupiscence: The tendency of all human beings toward sin, as a result of Original Sin.
Most Sacred Heart of Jesus (devotion): a symbol of “God’s boundless and passionate love for mankind.”
Immaculate Heart of Mary (devotion): The view of interior life of Mary. Her joys, sorrows, virtues, perfections, virginal love for God the Father, maternal love for her son, Jesus, & her motherly & compassionate love for all of mankind.
Worship: The art of losing self in the adoration of God (attitude of humility). Praise is easy; worship is not.
Glory: The recognition and praise of God’s majesty, power, and holiness
Praise: The joyful recounting of all God has done for us (thankfulness)
Adoration: Recognition of God's infinite perfection
Veneration: Honor paid to the saints
Magisterium
The teaching authority which Christ has given to the Church. Here, the term refers to the authority itself, not those who exercise it. This usage appears in statements like, “The Church exercises its magisterium when it authoritatively proclaims Christ’s teachings.”
Those who exercise this teaching authority—in other words, to the pope and the bishops teaching in union with him. Collectively, they are referred to as the “Magisterium,” as in “the Magisterium has infallibly taught that God is a Trinity.”
A particular body of teachings that have been authoritatively proclaimed. This usage appears in statements like, “Humanae Vitae belongs to the magisterium of St. Paul VI.”
Doctrine is all Church teaching in matters of faith and morals. All Doctrine is infallible (not error) and unchangeable and are proposed as necessary for belief by the faithful by the Church.
Dogma is more narrowly defined as that part of doctrine which has been divinely revealed and which the Church has formally defined and declared to be believed as revealed.
All Dogmas are Doctrine, but not all Doctrine is Dogma. Most Church teachings are not Dogma.
Rationalism generally holds that at least some things are knowable without sense experience. This view further maintains that other things are knowable via argumentation from propositions/ideas not obtained via sense experience or other means. Rationalism in its purest form is associated with early Enlightenment thinkers like Rene Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, and Gottfried Leibniz. The core idea of rationalism is that reality is constituted in such a way that any relevant aspect of it may be understood using logical and mathematical reasoning.
Empiricism holds that knowledge is obtained via sense experience. On this view, the only way we can know something is based on experience, not from any innate ideas or intuition. Inductive reasoning, such as that used in the scientific method, is pre-eminent in empiricist thought. Famous empiricist thinkers of the past include Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume. Locke famously postulated the human mind as a "tabula rasa" (blank slate) upon which our experience and interactions with the world leave their mark.